Jos´e Diogo Da Costa Jesus, Boxi Li , Yuan Gao, Rami Barends, Francisco Andr´es Cárdenas-López , Felix Motzoi
Achieving ultrafast single-qubit gates that approach the limits set by decoherence requires operating in the strong-driving regime, where conventional semi-classical descriptions and single-leakage models break down, and multi-photon transitions emerge as dominant error channels that grow rapidly as the gate time is reduced. This makes it essential to develop systematic methods to characterize and suppress these errors using pulse shapes that remain simple and experimentally straightforward to calibrate. In contrast to standard derivative removal by adiabatic gate (DRAG) approaches for single-qubit gates, which suppress leakage within an effective three-level description, our framework systematically treats multi-photon transitions that arise in the strong-driving regime due to the participation of higher energy levels. In particular, we identify and suppress the two-photon |1⟩ ↔|3⟩ channel, incorporate time-ordering corrections, and derive a recursive analytical construction that captures the dominant higher-order error processes. We term the resulting pulse families R1D and R2D. These constructions extend and unify DRAG-type approaches by incorporating higher-order processes and time-ordering effects, yielding analytical expressions for optimal quadrature corrections, detunings, and prefactors. In addition, we clarify the optimal choice of DRAG prefactors and constant detuning when time-ordering effects are properly taken into account. This provides a systematic prescription for calibrating additional correction terms to further improve gate performance. Using this framework, we numerically demonstrate gate infidelities below 10−5 for a 7 ns full 𝜋-rotation under realistic decoherence rates.
Cite as BibTeX
@article{sdxb-v39h,
title = {Analytical Blueprint for 99.999% Fidelity X-Gates on Present Superconducting Hardware Under Strong Driving},
author = {Jesus, Jos’e Diogo Da Costa and Li, Boxi and Gao, Yuan and Barends, Rami and C’ardenas-L’opez, Francisco Andr’es and Motzoi, Felix},
journal = {PRX Quantum},
volume = {7},
issue = {3},
pages = {033040},
numpages = {17},
year = {2026},
month = {Aug},
publisher = {American Physical Society},
doi = {10.1103/sdxb-v39h},
url = {https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/sdxb-v39h}
}